Impacts on the environment and human health

Overview
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Toxicology
Introduction Toxicology is the study of the dynamic interaction of chemicals with living systems. It is also the workhorse science of numerous industries and regulatory agencies—from tho...
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Health effects of Polychlorinated biphenyls
Introduction PCBs are a group of synthetic organic chemicals that can cause a number of different harmful effects. There are no known natural sources of PCBs in the environment. PCBs are either...
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Risk assessment
IntroductionThrough the performance of risk assessments, researchers seek to understand the fundamental processes that underlie human health problems that are caused by pollutants in the environment...
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Dose-response relationship
Introduction The dose-response relationship is a fundamental and essential concept in toxicology. It correlates exposures and the spectrum of induced effec...
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Impact of local air pollution
Environmental Problems Caused by Local Air Pollution A wide range of compounds can cause local air pollution. The emissions of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, fine part...
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Transboundary dumping of hazardous waste
Transboundary dumping of hazardous waste refers to the export, often surreptitiously, of hazardous waste by developed and industrialized countries to developing nations, usually sub-Sahara African ...
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Regulation of toxic chemicals
Introduction The need for government attention to and regulation of chemicals increased as the chemical and Industrial Revolution progressed, and as the human-chemical relationship intensi...
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Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA), United States
The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA), is the main federal law of the United States that addresses the clean up of hazardous substances. The law wa...
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Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act, United States
Introduction The Superfund hazardous substance cleanup program was created by the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA, P.L. 96-510, enacted Decem...
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Hazardous chemicals in the environment
Hazards to human health